Web and Mobile Application Fuzzing Best Practices
If you’re reading this, you’ve probably used tools like Ffuf or Gobuster to fuzz an application to expand the attack surface and potentially find sensitive files and directories. Unfortunately, we here at Brackish find that a lot of testers are doing fuzzing incorrectly. Read below to get our Rules of Fuzzing and even a generic […]
JavaScript Source Map Vulnerabilities
What is a JavaScript source map file? Source map files map the transformed, minified, or compiled code back to the original source code, and they can often be found exposed publicly in web applications. This is particularly useful for debugging because it allows developers to view and step through the original source code even when […]
IoT Penetration Testing Part 1
IoT Penetration Testing is one of our favorite types of testing here at Brackish Security. This will be the first of a multi-part blog series on embedded device security (the “Internet of Things” or IoT). Our goal is to show how the Brackish security team approaches an IoT pentest, including detailed methodologies and examples. IoT […]
Tales from Pen Testing Trenches: MAC Address Whitelisting Failure
MAC address whitelisting is commonly perceived as a foolproof network security mechanism. Yet, Brackish Security’s recent test on a wireless network illustrates how easily this method can be bypassed, challenging its efficacy as a standalone security solution. MAC address whitelisting operates on the premise that only devices with pre-approved MAC addresses can access a network. […]
What is Blind XSS?
You may have heard of Reflected Cross Site Scripting (XSS) or Stored XSS, but what is Blind XSS? Unlike traditional XSS attacks, where the immediate impact is visible, Blind XSS vulnerabilities are typically triggered when the malicious input is viewed by a different user, often an administrator or a support person, at a later time […]
Shodan Series Part 2: The Untraditional Web Ports
Our goal of this series is to revisit Shodan and demonstrate to IT admins and business owners, how much an attacker can glean of a network without sending any packets to the actual to an organization. Our last post focused on Remote Desktop Protocol being exposed to the publicly accessible internet: https://brackish.io/shodan-series-part-1-the-accidental-open-door/ This week we […]
IIS Short File Name Enumeration
Microsoft IIS short file name enumeration is a technique used to discover the filenames and directories on a web server running IIS. This method exploits a feature in IIS related to how it handles file and directory names. This vulnerability is kind of the gift that keeps on giving. As of writing, it’s been around […]
Turkeys Will Get Stuffed Soon. Credentials Will Get Stuffed Now.
Introduction Credential stuffing is a form of cyberattack where attackers use automated scripts to try a large number of username and password combinations (usually obtained from previous breaches) on multiple websites, hoping that individuals have reused their credentials. While this attack method is not sophisticated, its simplicity and effectiveness make it a go-to strategy for […]
Is Caido The New Burp?
There has been some buzz around Caido recently – a contender to the Burp crown. Brackish Security testers recently sat down and tried Caido out on some real pentests. Our findings follow. Keep in mind that Caido is still fairly new, while Burp has been in development and use for a very long time. Additionally, […]
The Shield of Cyberspace: Understanding Web Application Firewalls
Introduction In our digital age, data security has grown into an essential necessity, not just a luxury. As companies depend heavily on web applications to offer their services, protecting these platforms against cyber threats becomes crucial. Here enters the Web Application Firewall (WAF) – a potent tool designed to safeguard web applications from a multitude […]
Penetration Testing: White Box, Black Box, and Grey Box Testing
In this post, we’ll dive into the definitions and differences between white box, black box, and grey box testing so that you can better understand these essential techniques for securing your attack surface. But first, let’s get the basics right. What is penetration testing? In simple terms, it’s the practice of identifying vulnerabilities, weaknesses, or […]
Insecure Direct Object Reference (IDOR) Vulnerabilities: Understanding, Exploiting, and Detecting
Introduction Insecure Direct Object Reference, or IDOR, is a common security vulnerability that exposes sensitive data and allows unauthorized access to resources. It is a critical issue that often appears in the OWASP Top Ten, a list of the most prevalent security risks in web applications. In this blog post, we will discuss what IDOR […]
OWASP Top Ten – Cryptographic Failures
OWASP Top Ten – Cryptographic Failures The world of cybersecurity is constantly evolving as new threats and vulnerabilities emerge. This includes Cryptographic Failures. The Open Web Application Security Project (OWASP) Top Ten is a widely recognized list of the most critical security risks to web applications. One of the entries on this list is Cryptographic […]
OWASP Top Ten – Server Side Request Forgery (SSRF)
What is an SSRF? The next entry in our OWASP Top Ten Series covers Server Side Request Forgeries. Server Side Request Forgery (SSRF) is a security vulnerability that occurs when an attacker is able to make HTTP requests to an internal or external system from a vulnerable server, effectively using the server as a proxy. […]
Insecure Deserialization
Introduction Insecure deserialization is a cybersecurity vulnerability that affects various programming languages, including C#, Java, PHP, Python, and others. This article explores the dangers of insecure deserialization, how it affects different languages, and how developers can mitigate the risks. Additionally, we will discuss the roles of penetration testing and source code reviews in helping companies […]
Phishing, Domain Names, and TLDs
As a small or medium-sized business owner, you may be aware of the threat of phishing attacks. Phishing is a common technique used by cybercriminals to trick people into giving away sensitive information such as usernames, passwords, or credit card numbers. One way to protect your business against these attacks is to buy common domain […]
Local Administrator Accounts
Local administrator accounts are commonly used in Active Directory/internal networks to manage individual computers. These accounts have full control over the local computer, which can be a security risk if used carelessly. The use of local administrator accounts should be minimized to reduce the potential security vulnerabilities they pose to the network. One of the […]
WordPress Security
WordPress is one of the most popular content management systems (CMS) in the world, powering over 40% of all websites on the internet. However, with great popularity comes a great responsibility to keep the WordPress installation secure. In this blog post, we’ll discuss some of the best practices that users should follow to ensure the […]
Why you need a DMZ
Why you need a DMZ In today’s interconnected world, network design and segmentation are crucial for the security and performance of an organization’s IT infrastructure. A well-designed network should be segmented to isolate critical assets and minimize the impact of a potential security breach. One common approach to network segmentation is the use of a […]
What are Weak Hashing Algorithms
“SSL Certificate signed using weak hashing algorithm” refers to a security vulnerability in the SSL/TLS certificate used by a website. A hashing algorithm is used to create a unique digital signature for the certificate, which is then used to encrypt communications between the website and its visitors. If a weak hashing algorithm is used, the […]
Attack Surface Management
Introduction External attack surface management (ASM) refers to the process of identifying, analyzing, and mitigating security risks and vulnerabilities that originate from outside an organization’s network. The focus of external ASM is to protect against threats such as hackers, cybercriminals, and malicious software that can target public-facing systems and applications. These threats can pose a […]
